The ICAReB Platform: The Treasure Trove Powering Medical Breakthroughs

A cutting-edge biobank at Institut Pasteur accelerating biomedical research through its collection of over 200,000 human samples

Explore the Science

Where Cures Begin—The Hidden World of Biobanks

In the heart of Paris, within the historic Institut Pasteur, lies a scientific treasure trove that most people never see. This is not a library of books, but a library of life itself: the ICAReB platform.

200,000+ Samples

Meticulously collected and stored human samples—from blood and saliva to stool and tears

Global Impact

Enabling breakthroughs like diagnostic tests for sleeping sickness affecting remote African communities

By providing regulated access to these precious bio-resources for researchers worldwide, ICAReB is accelerating the fight against some of the world's most persistent health challenges, from infectious diseases and immune disorders to neuroscientific mysteries 1 3 .

What is ICAReB? A Closer Look at the Biomedical Library

More Than Just a Freezer

The Integrated Collections for Adaptive Research in Biomedicine (ICAReB) is far more than a sophisticated storage facility. It is a fully integrated platform that manages the entire life cycle of biological samples, from their ethical collection from volunteers to their distribution to research teams across the globe 5 .

ISO 9001:2015

Certification for clinical investigation activities

NF S96-900:2011

Quality standard for biobanking operations

A Vast and Varied Collection

The platform's inventory is both vast and diverse, comprising more than 134,000 samples (and, according to some sources, up to 150,000-200,000) 1 6 9 .

These collections include:

  • Healthy Volunteer Cohorts (Diagmicoll & CoSImmGEn): Essential baseline biological materials from healthy individuals
  • Disease-Oriented Collections: Specialized collections focused on specific illnesses including sleeping sickness, HIV, and listeriosis

The Scientist's Toolkit: Essential Reagents and Solutions

The work at ICAReB and the research it enables rely on a sophisticated array of reagents and materials.

Reagent / Solution Function in Biobanking & Research
EDTA, Heparin, Citrate Tubes Prevents blood coagulation to preserve plasma and cellular components for analysis 1
Ficoll Solution A gradient medium used to isolate Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) from whole blood, a crucial step in immunology research 1
Paxgene Blood DNA/RNA Tubes Stabilizes nucleic acids at the moment of collection, ensuring that the genetic material extracted for molecular tests is of high quality 1
DMSO (Dimethyl Sulfoxide) A cryoprotectant added to cells before freezing. It prevents the formation of damaging ice crystals, allowing for long-term storage in liquid nitrogen 1
Cas13a Protein The core "molecular scissors" enzyme in the SHERLOCK assay. It is programmed to cut specific RNA sequences from a pathogen, triggering a detectable signal 2
crRNA (CRISPR RNA) A guide molecule that directs the Cas13a enzyme to its unique target RNA sequence, ensuring the test's high specificity 2
RPA Primers Used in Recombinase Polymerase Amplification to rapidly amplify (copy) a tiny amount of pathogen DNA/RNA at a constant temperature, making the target easy for Cas13a to find 2

A Deep Dive into a Key Experiment: Developing a CRISPR Test for Sleeping Sickness

The Diagnostic Challenge

Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), a neglected tropical disease transmitted by tsetse flies, is often fatal if not treated promptly. The World Health Organization (WHO) aims to eliminate one form of the disease (gHAT) by 2030 2 .

Current Diagnostic Limitations
  • Unreliable test results
  • Require trained staff and specialized equipment
  • Poorly suited for mass screening in remote areas

Methodology: Harnessing CRISPR for Precision Detection

A research team developed a diagnostic based on SHERLOCK (Specific High-sensitivity Enzymatic Reporter unLOCKing), a CRISPR-based technology 2 .

Target Selection

Selected unique genetic markers for the trypanosome parasites

Assay Design

Designed specific CRISPR RNAs (crRNAs) to guide Cas13a enzyme

Sample Testing

Validated using real clinical samples from the WHO HAT cryobank hosted within ICAReB 1 2

Results and Analysis: A Resounding Success

The SHERLOCK4HAT assay demonstrated exceptional performance

Assay Target Parasite Species Detected Analytical Sensitivity (Limit of Detection) Key Finding on Clinical Samples
7SLRNA All Trypanozoon parasites (pan-specific) 0.1 parasite/μL Confirmed HAT infection with high specificity (98.4%) 2
TgSGP T. b. gambiense (causes ~87% of HAT cases) 0.1 parasite/μL Correctly discriminated 100% of gHAT infections 2
SRA T. b. rhodesiense (causes ~13% of HAT cases) 0.1 parasite/μL Correctly discriminated 100% of rHAT infections 2

98.4%

Specificity in confirming HAT infection

100%

Correct discrimination of gHAT and rHAT infections

0.1/μL

Detection sensitivity (parasites per microliter)

Behind the Scenes: The Technology Powering the Biobank

Advanced Sample Management

Managing a collection of hundreds of thousands of samples is a monumental logistical task. ICAReB relies on a sophisticated information management system called MBioLIMS BioBanking to track every sample from collection to storage and eventual distribution 1 5 .

Sample Tracking System
  • Every sample tube is barcoded for precise identification
  • Location within storage systems meticulously recorded
  • Range of storage options from -80°C freezers to liquid nitrogen cryo-tanks

Innovative Preservation Methods

The platform also employs advanced preservation methods. Beyond standard freezing, it is testing a novel room-temperature storage method using laser-seal capsules for DNA and RNA, which could revolutionize long-term sample preservation by drastically reducing energy consumption 1 .

Sample Types and Storage Conditions

Sample Type Collection Method Common Long-Term Preservation
Serum / Plasma Blood collection tubes (with clot activator, heparin, etc.) -80°C freezing 1
Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) Ficoll purification, resuspended in DMSO Liquid nitrogen (-196°C) 1
DNA / RNA Paxgene Blood DNA/RNA Tubes -80°C freezing or room temperature (in DNA/RNA Shells®) 1
Stool & Urine Empty or conservative-containing tubes -80°C freezing 1
Saliva & Swabs Swabs with or without conservative fluid -80°C freezing 1

A Beacon of Collaborative Science for Global Health

The ICAReB platform stands as a powerful testament to the collaborative and forward-looking spirit of modern science.

Collaborative

Connecting researchers worldwide with vital biological resources

Innovative

Pioneering new methods in sample preservation and analysis

Impactful

Accelerating discoveries that improve human health globally

By safeguarding a diverse library of human biological samples and their associated data, ICAReB provides researchers with the fundamental tools to unravel the complexities of health and disease. From enabling the development of breakthrough field diagnostics for sleeping sickness to supporting studies on the human immune system, the platform's impact is both global and deeply human.

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